English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Eulophia macrobulbon  (E.C.Parish &amp; Rchb.f.) Hook.f. contains a natural PDE5A1 inhibitor, phenanthrene, 1-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-4,8- dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol (HDP), a potential agent for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. The aim of this study was to improve the extraction efficiency of HDP from  E. macrobulbon  by using a more environmentally friendly extraction method, subcritical liquid dimethyl ether extraction (sDME), instead of classical solvent extraction (CSE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). The efficiency and quality of the extracts obtained were evaluated using the following criteria: %process yield; solvent amount; extraction time; temperature; %HDP content by LC–MS, bioactivity as inhibition of phosphodiesterase-5A1 (PDE5A1) by radio-enzymatic assay; and chemical profiles by LC-QTOF-MS. sDME provided the highest content of HDP in the extract at 4.47%, much higher than the use of ethanol (0.4–0.5%), ethyl acetate (1.2–1.7%), or dichloromethane (0.7–1.4%). The process yield for sDME (1.5–2.7%) was similar to or lower than the other solvents (0.9–17%), but as long as the process yield is not prohibitively low, the concentration is a more important measure for clinical use. The optimal conditions for sDME extraction were: Extraction time, 40 min; 200% water as co-solvent; sample-to-solvent ratio of 1:8; temperature, 35 °C. Phenanthrene aglycone and glycoside derivatives were the major constituents of the sDME extracts and lesser amounts of phenolic compounds and sugars. The inhibition of PDE5A1 by sDME (IC 50  0.67 ± 0.22 µg/ml) was tenfold more potent than ethanolic extract and other extraction methods, suggesting a high probability of clinical efficacy. Thus, sDME was a more efficient, faster, solvent-saving and environmentally friendly extraction method and more selective for phenanthrene when extracted from  E. macrobulbon.

Phenanthrene-enriched extract from Eulophia macrobulbon using subcritical dimethyl ether for phosphodiesterase-5A1 inhibition