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The potential nutritional value of duckweed  Lemna minor  (Lemnaceae) was evaluated for common carp  Cyprinus carpio  fry. Fish were fed diets containing five graded levels of duckweed: 0% (LM0, control), 5% (LM5), 10% (LM10), 15% (LM15) and 20% (LM20). The final weight and specific growth rate were significantly higher in LM15 and LM20 diets fed fish compared to others. Feed conversion ratio was minimum in fish fed diet LM20. Amylase activity was significantly higher in LM0 treatment. Total protease, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities showed linear relationships with the increased level of duckweed in the diet. Protein and essential amino acids contents were significantly higher in carp fed diets LM15 and LM20 compared to others. Lipid content was significantly higher in fish fed duckweed-based diets compared to control. A direct relationship was found between the inclusion level of duckweed in the diet and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) content of carp. Contents of desaturated and elongated products of dietary linolenic acid (18:3n-3) including 20:4n-3, 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 increased in a graded manner with increasing dietary duckweed. The monounsaturated fatty acids and n-6 PUFA contents reduced significantly in fish fed duckweed. Expression of  fads2d6 ,  elovl2 ,  elovl5  and  fas  were higher in carp fed diets LM10, LM15 and LM20 compared to control fish. The inclusion of  L. minor  in diet enhanced the nutritional value of carp by increasing protein, lipid, amino acids and n-3 PUFA contents.

Effect of Lemna minor supplemented diets on growth, digestive physiology and expression of fatty acids biosynthesis genes of Cyprinus carpio