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Luffa  is a genus of tropical and subtropical vines belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. Sponge gourd ( Luffa cylindrica ) and ridge gourd ( Luffa acutangula ) are two important species of the genus  Luffa  and are good sources of human nutrition and herbal medicines. As a vegetable, aromatic luffa is more preferred by consumers than nonaromatic luffa. While the aroma trait is present in the sponge gourd, the trait is not present in the ridge gourd. In this study, we identified  Luffa cylindrica ’s  betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase  ( LcBADH ) as a gene associated with aroma in the sponge gourd based on a de novo assembly of public transcriptome data. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP: A &gt; G) was identified in exon 5 of  LcBADH , causing an amino acid change from tyrosine to cysteine at position 163, which is important for the formation of the substrate binding pocket of the BADH enzyme. Based on the identified SNP, a TaqMan marker, named  AroLuff , was developed and validated in 370 F 2  progenies of the sponge gourd. The marker genotypes were perfectly associated with the aroma phenotypes, and the segregation ratios supported Mendelian’s simple recessive inheritance. In addition, we demonstrated the use of the  AroLuff  marker in the introgression of  LcBADH  from the aromatic sponge gourd to the ridge gourd to improve aroma through interspecific hybridization. The marker proved to be useful in improving the aroma characteristics of both  Luffa  species.

scientific reports

A SNP of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) enhances an aroma (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline) in sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) and ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula)