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Salmonella enterica  serovar Gallinarum is a host-restricted bacterial pathogen that causes a serious systemic disease exclusively in birds of all ages.  Salmonella enterica  serovar Typhimurium is a host-generalist serovar. Dendritic cells (DCs) are key antigen-presenting cells that play an important part in  Salmonella  host-restriction. We evaluated the differential response of chicken blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells (chMoDCs) exposed to  S.  Gallinarum or  S.  Typhimurium.  S . Typhimurium was found to be more invasive while  S . Gallinarum was more cytotoxic at the early phase of infection and later showed higher resistance against chMoDCs killing.  S . Typhimurium promoted relatively higher upregulation of costimulatory and other immune function genes on chMoDCs in comparison to  S . Gallinarum during early phase of infection (6 h) as analyzed by real-time PCR. Both  Salmonella  serovars strongly upregulated the proinflammatory transcripts, however, quantum was relatively narrower with  S . Gallinarum.  S . Typhimurium-infected chMoDCs promoted relatively higher proliferation of naïve T-cells in comparison to  S . Gallinarum as assessed by mixed lymphocyte reaction. Our findings indicated that host restriction of  S . Gallinarum to chicken is linked with its profound ability to interfere the DCs function. Present findings provide a valuable roadmap for future work aimed at improved vaccine strategies against this pathogen.

Differential responses of chicken monocyte-derived dendritic cells infected with Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Typhimurium