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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease, being the main cause of laboral inability. Decreased telomere size in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) has been correlated with age-related pathologies, like knee OA. In a dynamic approach, telomere-qPCR was performed to evaluate the relative percentage of PBL telomere loss after a 6-year follow-up, in 281 subjects from the prospective osteoarthritis initiative (OAI) cohort. A radiological Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade ≥ 2 was indicative of knee OA. Individuals with knee OA at recruitment (n = 144) showed a higher PBL telomere loss after 6 years than those without knee OA at baseline (n = 137;  p  = 0.018). Moreover, individuals that developed knee OA during the follow-up (n = 39) exhibited a higher telomere loss compared to those that remained without OA (n = 98;  p  < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that PBLs telomere loss was not significantly associated with knee OA at recruitment, but behaves as an independent risk factor associated with incidence after follow-up (OR: 1.043;  p  = 0.041), together with maximum KL grade (OR: 3.627;  p  = 0.011), body mass index-BMI (OR: 1.252;  p  < 0.001) and WOMAC-index (OR: 1.247;  p  = 0.021), at recruitment. The telomere decay in PBLs is faster in individuals with incident knee OA, possibly reflecting a systemic-global accelerated aging that enhances the cartilage degeneration.

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Association of accelerated dynamics of telomere sequence loss in peripheral blood leukocytes with incident knee osteoarthritis in Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort