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Pear [ Pyrus bretschneideri  cv. Dangshan Su] fruit quality is not always satisfactory owing to the presence of stone cells, and lignin is the main component of stone cells in pear fruits. Caffeoyl shikimate esterase (CSE) is a key enzyme in the lignin biosynthesis. Although  CSE -like genes have been isolated from a variety of plant species, their orthologs are not characterized in pear. In this study, the  CSE  gene family ( PbCSE ) from  P. bretschneideri  was identified. According to the physiological data and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR),  PbCSE1  was associated with lignin deposition and stone cell formation. The overexpression of  PbCSE1  increased the lignin content in pear fruits. Relative to wild-type (WT)  Arabidopsis , the overexpression of  PbCSE1  delayed growth, increased the lignin deposition and lignin content in stems. Simultaneously, the expression of lignin biosynthetic genes were also increased in pear fruits and  Arabidopsis . These results demonstrated that  PbCSE1  plays an important role in cell lignification and will provide a potential molecular strategy to improve the quality of pear fruits.

PbCSE1 promotes lignification during stone cell development in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) fruit