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Dirofilaria immitis  and  Brugia pahangi  are vector-borne parasites found in dogs and cats, including Thailand. In order to evaluate the effects of season and environmental parameters on the prevalence of these parasites, this retrospective study was conducted in 2019. A total of 79,506 canine blood samples were examined.  B. pahangi  was found in 0.55% of samples (438/79,506; 95% CI 0.50–0.61) while  D. immitis  was detected in 0.43% (345/79,506; 95% CI 0.39–0.48). One-way ANOVA found no effect of seasonal conditions on prevalence. For  B. pahangi , the parameters rainfall, relative humidity and sunshine hours showed associations with p ≤ 0.20 and were included in multiple logistic regressions resulting in adjusted odds ratios of 0.53, 1.31 and 0.55, respectively. For  D. immitis,  only average temperature showed p ≤ 0.20, resulting in an odds ratio of 0.42. In conclusion, Thailand has environmental parameters that do not change very much during the year, so they might not affect the prevalence of two filarial nematodes. However, the threat of  B. pahangi  and  D. immitis  should not be ignored, especially in subtropical regions where their vectors are abundant. Both owners and veterinarians should be concerned about filarial prevention and control of  D. immitis  and  B. pahangi .

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Seasonal distribution and environmental parameters associated with Brugia pahangi and Dirofilaria immitis in naturally infected dogs in Bangkok and vicinity, Thailand