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Herein, the work addresses the synthesis of biomaterials (chitosan and garlic) loaded CdO–TiO 2  hybrid nanocomposites for photocatalytic water treatment and photodynamic cancer therapeutic applications that were reported the first time. CdO–TiO 2  (CT) nanocomposites were synthesized and loaded with the biomaterials such as chitosan and garlic by simple sol–gel method. The nanomaterials were characterized and the photodegradation of three model pollutants, Methylene blue (MB), Methyl orange (MO) and Rhodamine B (Rh-B) was opted to investigate the efficiency of the synthesized photocatalyst under the solar light. From the results, the garlic-loaded CdO–TiO 2  (AS-CT) hybrid nanocomposites exhibit a superior photocatalytic activity than the chitosan-loaded CdO–TiO 2  (CS-CT) and CdO–TiO 2  (CT) nanocomposites under the irradiation of solar light. Additionally, the cell viability of the synthesized nanocomposites was carried out in HeLa cell lines under different concentrations, light doses and incubation periods using an LED light source. Compared to the CS-CT and CT nanocomposites, an efficient photodynamic activity was achieved in the case of AS-CT hybrid nanocomposites. Actually, the end-use properties required for both processes in AS-CT nanocomposites appear similar due to the presence of organo sulphurus compounds.

Enhanced photocatalytic and photodynamic activity of chitosan and garlic loaded CdO–TiO2 hybrid bionanomaterials