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This study explores the comparative effect of conventional and organic treatments on the rhizosphere microbiome of  Mangifera indica  cv. Dashehari. The long-term exposures (about 20 years) were monitored under a subtropical ecosystem. Based on plant growth properties and acetylene reduction assay, 12 bacterial isolates (7 from G1-organic and 5 from G2-conventional systems) were identified as  Pseudomonas  and  Bacillus  spp. In the conventional system,  dehydrogenase  activity significantly decreased (0.053 µg TPF formed g −1  of soil h −1 ) and adversely affected the bacterial diversity composition. In comparison, organic treatments had a good impact on  dehydrogenase  activity (0.784 µg TPF formed g −1  of soil h −1 ),  alkaline phosphatase  (139.25 µg PNP g −1  soil h −1 ), and bacterial community composition. The Metagenomics approach targeted the V3 and V4 regions to see the impact in the phylum, order, family, genus, and species for both the treatments. Results showed that phylum  Acidobacteria  (13.6%),  Firmicutes  (4.84%), and  Chloroflexi  (2.56%) were dominating in the G2 system whereas phylum  Bacteroides  (14.55%),  Actinobacteria  (7.45%), and  Proteobacteria  (10.82%) were abundantly dominated in the G1 system. Metagenome sequences are at the NCBI-GenBank sequence read archive with SRX8289747 (G1) and SRX8289748 (G2) in the study PRJNA631113. Results indicated that conventional and organic conditions affect rhizosphere microbiome and their environment.

Bacterial structure and dynamics in mango (Mangifera indica) orchards after long term organic and conventional treatments under subtropical ecosystem