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Currently, it is unclear whether treating  Helicobacter pylori  ( H. pylori ) infection is safe among adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of  H. pylori  eradication therapy by examining gut microbiota changes in adolescents 3 months after the therapy.  H. pylori -infected adolescents were enrolled in this study. Their stool samples were collected at the following three time points: before treatment, 1–2 days after completion of treatment, and time of eradication successful judgment. We assessed the relative abundance, alpha-diversity, and beta-diversity of the gut microbiota and adverse events. The number of isolated  Actinobacteria  decreased immediately after eradication therapy in the 16 students included in the study, and it returned to pretreatment condition at the eradication judgment point. There was no change in the relative abundance at genus level. The alpha-diversity was lost immediately after eradication therapy; however, it recovered at the time of eradication judgment, and it was restored to pretreatment condition. Meanwhile, none of the participants experienced serious adverse events.  H. pylori  eradication therapy is safe for adolescents with respect to gut microbiota changes associated with  H. pylori  eradication therapy. Therefore, further long-term evaluations of gut microbiota changes following eradication therapy are warranted.

scientific reports

Gut microbiota changes related to Helicobacter pylori eradication with vonoprazan containing triple therapy among adolescents: a prospective multicenter study