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Bacteria from coast seawaters are widely known to induce larval recruitment of many invertebrates. However, whether and how deep-sea bacteria, that play crucial roles in the ecological and biogeochemical cycles, promote larval recruitment remains little known. Here, the interaction between deep-sea bacterial biofilms (BFs) and  Mytilus coruscus  larvae was tested. All these nine deep-sea bacterial isolates triggered planktonic-sessile transition, and the highest percentage of post-larvae was observed in  Virgibacillus  sp. 1 BF. Except for  Pseudomonas  sp. 3,  Pseudoalteromonas  sp. 32 and  Bacillus  sp. 13, other BF cell  densities were significantly related to their corresponding inductive efficiency. The deep-sea  Virgibacillus  sp. 1 BFʼs cue that triggers planktonic-sessile transition was uncovered. Treating  Virgibacillus  sp. 1 BFs through physic-chemical approaches reduced inducing impact and cell survival. The conditioned water collaborated with formalin-fixed  Virgibacillus  sp. 1 BF hoisted planktonic-sessile transition efficiency in comparison to each one alone. Thus, two signals derived from deep-sea bacteria trigger planktonic-sessile transition in  M. coruscus . This finding firstly demonstrates that deep-sea bacteria has good potential for application in the mussel seed production and provides novel insight to clarify the bacteria-mussel interaction.

Deep-sea bacteria trigger settlement and metamorphosis of the mussel Mytilus coruscus larvae