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The false widow spider  Steatoda nobilis  is associated with bites which develop bacterial infections that are sometimes unresponsive to antibiotics. These could be secondary infections derived from opportunistic bacteria on the skin or infections directly vectored by the spider. In this study, we investigated whether it is plausible for  S. nobilis  and other synanthropic European spiders to vector bacteria during a bite, by seeking to identify bacteria with pathogenic potential on the spiders. 11 genera of bacteria were identified through 16S rRNA sequencing from the body surfaces and chelicerae of  S. nobilis , and two native spiders:  Amaurobius similis  and  Eratigena atrica . Out of 22 bacterial species isolated from  S. nobilis , 12 were related to human pathogenicity among which  Staphylococcus epidermidis ,  Kluyvera intermedia ,  Rothia mucilaginosa  and  Pseudomonas putida  are recognized as class 2 pathogens. The isolates varied in their antibiotic susceptibility:  Pseudomonas putida, Staphylococcus capitis  and  Staphylococcus edaphicus  showed the highest extent of resistance, to three antibiotics in total. On the other hand, all bacteria recovered from  S .  nobilis  were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Our study demonstrates that  S. nobilis  does carry opportunistic pathogenic bacteria on its body surfaces and chelicerae. Therefore, some post-bite infections could be the result of vector-borne bacterial zoonoses that may be antibiotic resistant.

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Synanthropic spiders, including the global invasive noble false widow Steatoda nobilis, are reservoirs for medically important and antibiotic resistant bacteria