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Breast cancer including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents an important clinical challenge, as these tumours often develop resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics. MicroRNAs play a crucial role in cell-cycle regulation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. Herein, we performed Affymetrix Gene Chip miRNA 4.0 microarray and observed differential regulation of miRNAs (75 upregulated and 199 downregulated) in metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells as compared to immortalized human non-tumorigenic breast epithelial (MCF-10A) cells. MicroRNA-941 was significantly upregulated in MDA-MB-231 cells (almost nine-fold increase) in comparison to MCF-10A cells. Transfection of MiRNA-941 inhibitor significantly decreased the proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells by altering the expressions of p21, Cyclin D1, PP2B-B1, E-cadherin and MMP-13. Interestingly, we provide first evidence that inhibiting miR-941 prevents cell proliferation and phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser10 residue. Xenograft model of breast cancer was developed by subcutaneous injection of MDA-MB-231 cells into the mammary fat pad of female athymic nude mice (Crl:NU-Foxn1nu). The tumours were allowed to grow to around 60 mm 3 , thereafter which we divided the animals into seven groups (n = 5). Notably, intratumoral injection of miR-941 inhibitor significantly abolished the tumour growth in MDA-MB-231 xenograft model. 5-Fluorouracil (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was used as positive control in our study. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time that targeting miR-941 improves the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cells to 5-fluorouracil. This can be of profound clinical significance, as it provides novel therapeutic approach for treating variety of cancers (overexpressing miRNA-941) in general and breast cancers in particular.

MicroRNA-941 regulates the proliferation of breast cancer cells by altering histone H3 Ser 10 phosphorylation