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The peptidoglycan layer is responsible for maintaining bacterial cell shape and permitting cell division. Cell wall growth is facilitated by peptidoglycan synthases and hydrolases and is potentially modulated by components of the central carbon metabolism. In  Bacillus subtilis,  UgtP synthesises the glucolipid precursor for lipoteichoic acid and has been suggested to function as a metabolic sensor governing cell size. Here we show that  ugtP  mutant cells have increased levels of cell wall precursors and changes in their peptidoglycan that suggest elevated  dl -endopeptidase activity. The additional deletion of  lytE , encoding a  dl -endopeptidase important for cell elongation, in the  ugtP  mutant background produced cells with severe shape defects. Interestingly, the  ugtP lytE  mutant recovered normal rod-shape by acquiring mutations that decreased the expression of the peptidoglycan synthase PBP1. Together our results suggest that cells lacking  ugtP  must re-adjust the balance between peptidoglycan synthesis and hydrolysis to maintain proper cell morphology.

Cell morphology maintenance in Bacillus subtilis through balanced peptidoglycan synthesis and hydrolysis