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The Tol-Pal system is a protein complex that is highly conserved in many gram-negative bacteria. We show here that the Tol-Pal system is associated with the enteric pathogenesis of enterohemorrhagic  E. coli  (EHEC). Deletion of  tolB , which is required for the Tol-Pal system decreased motility, secretion of the Type III secretion system proteins EspA/B, and the ability of bacteria to adhere to and to form attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions in host cells, but the expression level of LEE genes, including  espA/B  that encode Type III secretion system proteins were not affected. The  Citrobacter rodentium ,  tolB  mutant, that is traditionally used to estimate Type III secretion system associated virulence in mice did not cause lethality in mice while it induced anti-bacterial immunity. We also found that the  pal  mutant, which lacks activity of the Tol-Pal system, exhibited lower motility and EspA/B secretion than the wild-type parent. These combined results indicate that the Tol-Pal system contributes to the virulence of EHEC associated with the Type III secretion system and flagellar activity for infection at enteric sites. This finding provides evidence that the Tol-Pal system may be an effective target for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic  E. coli .

Roles of the Tol-Pal system in the Type III secretion system and flagella-mediated virulence in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli