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Fusarium Head Blight of wheat, caused by the filamentous fungus  Fusarium graminearum,  leads to devastating global food shortages and economic losses. While many studies have addressed the responses of both wheat and  F. graminearum  during their interaction, the possibility of fungal chemotropic sensing enabling pathogenicity remains unexplored. Based on recent findings linking the pheromone-sensing G-protein-coupled receptor Ste2 to host-directed chemotropism in  Fusarium oxysporum , we investigated the role of the Ste2 receptor and its downstream signaling pathways in mediating chemotropism of  F. graminearum . Interestingly, a chemotropic response of growing hyphae towards catalytically active  Triticum aestivum  ‘Roblin’ cultivar secreted peroxidases was detected, with deletion of  STE2  in  F. graminearum  leading to loss of the observed response. At the same time, deletion of  STE2  significantly decreased infection on germinating wheat coleoptiles, highlighting an association between Ste2, chemotropism and infection by  F. graminearum . Further characterization revealed that the peroxidase-directed chemotropism is associated with stimulation of the fungal cell wall integrity mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade. Altogether, this study demonstrates conservation of Ste2-mediated chemotropism by  Fusarium  species, and its important role in mediating pathogenicity.

Ste2 receptor-mediated chemotropism of Fusarium graminearum contributes to its pathogenicity against wheat