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Willow  (Salix spp.)  is well known as a source of medicinal compounds, the most famous being salicin, the progenitor of aspirin. Here we describe the isolation, structure determination, and anti-cancer activity of a cyclodimeric salicinoid (miyabeacin) from  S. miyabeana  and  S. dasyclados . We also show that the capability to produce such dimers is a heritable trait and how variation in structures of natural miyabeacin analogues is derived  via  cross-over Diels-Alder reactions from pools of  ortho -quinol precursors. These transient  ortho -quinols have a role in the, as yet uncharacterised, biosynthetic pathways around salicortin, the major salicinoid of many willow genotypes.

Miyabeacin: A new cyclodimer presents a potential role for willow in cancer therapy