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In recent years, researchers have highlighted the role of low cost-efficient agro-industrial by-products used as supplements in algal culture media. The aim of the study was to identify and characterize the basic metabolic pathways in  Tetradesmus obliquus  cells induced by supplementation with beet molasses in photoheterotrophic and mixotrophic culture conditions. To assess the impact of the nutritional strategy in unicellular algae, growth curves were plotted and lipid, carbohydrate, and protein levels were determined. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was applied to measure the  Tetradesmus obliquus  cell composition. Additionally, the C16-C18 fatty acid profile of  Tetradesmus obliquus  was determined by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry. The switch from autotrophy to photoheterotrophy and mixotrophy contributes to shortening of the adaptation growth phase. The highest protein content was obtained in the mixotrophic growth. This study has demonstrated high content of 18:1, cisΔ 9 , 18:2, cisΔ 9,12 , ω6, and 18:3, cisΔ 9,12,15 , ω3 in photoheterotrophic and mixotrophic culture conditions. High levels of proteins and essential fatty acids make  Tetradesmus obliquus  cell biomass important for human and animals health.

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Agro-industrial by-product in photoheterotrophic and mixotrophic culture of Tetradesmus obliquus: Production of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids with biotechnological importance