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The tannase-producing Gram-positive bacterial species  Streptococcus gallolyticus  subsp.  gallolyticus  ( Sgg ) is an opportunistic pathogen of the human gut and strongly associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). A unique feature of  Sgg  is its ability to degrade tannic acids (TA). TA constitute an important part of the human diet with known anti-tumorigenic properties. Here, we examined whether  Sgg  is able to protect tumor cells from the toxic effect of TA and thus drive tumorigenesis indirectly. Human CRC cell lines (n = 8) were treated with increasing concentrations of TA. We confirmed the cytotoxic activity of TA in a dose-dependent manner. In virtually all cell lines, viability decreased significantly (>60% inhibition). Moreover, pyrogallol, the degradation product of TA, had no effect on the tested cell lines. This suggests a specific effect of TA. Cytotoxicity was due to necrosis and induction of senescence in residual cells. Finally, when TA was degraded by  Sgg , the cytotoxic effect could be abolished. Tumor cells even responded with boosted cell proliferation, highlighting the impact of  Sgg  on CRC progression. We here provide another piece of evidence for the active interplay between  Sgg  and cancer preventive components. These data will help to move forward in designing concepts for therapeutic and eventually also prophylactic approaches to combat gastrointestinal malignancies.

Streptococcus gallolyticus abrogates anti-carcinogenic properties of tannic acid on low-passage colorectal carcinomas