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Silicon (Si) uptake and accumulation in plants can mitigate various biotic stresses through enhanced plant resistance against wide range of herbivores. But the role of silicon in defense molecular mechanism still remains to be elucidated in finger millet. In the present study, we identified three silicon transporter genes viz.  EcLsi1 ,  EcLsi2 , and  EcLsi6  involved in silicon uptake mechanism. In addition, the study also identified and characterized ten different Si transporters genes from finger millet through transcriptome assembly. The phylogenetic study revealed that  EcLsi1  and  EcLsi6  are homologs while  EcLsi2  and  EcLsi3  form another pair of homologs.  EcLsi1  and  EcLsi6  belong to family of NIP2s (Nod26-like major intrinsic protein),  bona fide  silicon transporters, whereas  EcLsi2  and  EcLsi3 , an efflux Si transporter, belong to an uncharacterized anion transporter family having a significant identity with putative arsB transporter proteins. Further, the phylogenetic and topology analysis suggest that  EcLsi1  and  EcLsi2  co-evolved during evolution while,  EcLsi2  and  EcLsi3  are evolved from either  EcLsi1  and/or  EcLsi6  by fusion or duplication event. Moreover, these silicon transporters are predicted to be localized in plasma membrane, but their structural differences indicate that they might have differences in their silicon uptake ability. Silicon amendment induces the synergistic defense mechanism by significantly increasing the transcript level of silicon transporter genes ( EcLsi1 ,  EcLsi2  and  EcLsi6 ) as well as defense hormone regulating genes ( EcSAM ,  EcPAL  and  EcLOX ) at 72 hpi (hours of post infestation) in both stem and roots compared to non-silicon treated plants against pink stem borer in finger millet plants. This study will help to understand the molecular defense mechanism for developing strategies for insect pest management.

scientific reports

Silicon amendment induces synergistic plant defense mechanism against pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens Walker.) in finger millet (Eleusine coracana Gaertn.)