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In a pioneering study, Zaura  et al . (2009) found that majority of oral microbes fall within the five phyla including,  Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria . Subsequent studies further identified a set of microbes that were commonly shared among unrelated individuals ( i.e ., core). However, these existing studies may have not been designed to investigate the interactions among various  core  species. Here by harnessing the power of ecological network analysis, we identified some important  ecological guilds  in the form of network clusters. In particular, we found that the strongest cluster is an alliance between  Firmicutes  and  Bacteroidetes  against  Actinobacteria  (FBA-guild). Within the guild, we further identified two sub-guilds, the  Actinobacteria-dominant  sub-guild (ASG) and  Firmicutes -dominant allied with  Bacteroidetes  sub-guild (FBSG). Furthermore, we identified so-termed  guard  nodes in both sub-guilds, and their role may be to inhibit the peer sub-guild given they held competitive interactions only with the outside nodes only but held cooperative interactions only with the internal nodes, which we termed  civilian  nodes given that they only held cooperative interactions. We postulated that FBA-guild might be to do with protection of oral health against some opportunistic pathogens from  Corynebacterium  and  Actinomyces , the two major genera of  Actinobacteria  (target of FB alliance).

FBA Ecological Guild: Trio of Firmicutes-Bacteroidetes Alliance against Actinobacteria in Human Oral Microbiome