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Low phosphorus availability is a major abiotic factor constraining wheat growth. The molecular mechanisms of the wheat whole genome under low-phosphorus stress are still unclear. To obtain information on gene expression in wheat seedlings under low-phosphorus stress, transcriptome sequencing was performed on roots and leaves. The results showed that 2,318 (1,646 upregulated and 672 downregulated) transcripts were differentially expressed in the leaves, and 2,018 (1,310 upregulated and 708 downregulated) were differentially expressed in the roots. Further analysis showed that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in carbon fixation in photosynthetic organs and in carbon metabolism, photosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and plant-pathogen interaction in both leaves and roots. These pathways were mainly associated with environmental adaptation, energy metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting that the metabolic processes were strengthened in wheat seedlings under low-phosphorus stress and that more energy and substances were produced to resist or adapt to this unfavourable environment. This research might provide potential directions and valuable resources to further study wheat under low-phosphorus stress.

Transcriptome analysis in roots and leaves of wheat seedlings in response to low-phosphorus stress