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To quantify the hydraulic characteristics of overland flow on gravel-covered slopes, eight flow discharges ( Q ) (8.44–122 L/min), five slope gradients ( J ) (2°–10°) and four gravel coverage degrees ( Cr ) (0–30%) were examined via a laboratory flume. The results showed that (1) gravel changed flow regime. Gravel increased the Reynolds number ( Re ) by 2.94–33.03%.  Re  were less affected by  J  and positively correlated with  Cr  and  Q . Gravel decreased the Froude number ( Fr ) by 6.83–77.31%.  Fr  was positively correlated with  Q  and  J  and negatively correlated with  Cr . (2) Gravel delayed the flow velocity ( u ) and increased the flow depth ( h ) and flow resistance ( f ). Gravel reduced  u  by 1.20–58.95%.  u  was positively correlated with  Q  and  J  and negatively correlated with  Cr . Gravel increased  h  by 0.12–2.41 times.  h  was positively correlated with  Q  and  Cr  and negatively correlated with  J . Gravel increased  f  by 0.15–18.42 times.  f  were less affected by  J , positively correlated with  Cr  and negatively correlated with  Q . (3) The relationships between hydraulic parameters and  Q ,  J  and  Cr  identified good power functions. Hydraulic parameters were mainly affected by  Cr . These results can guide the ecological construction of soil and water conservation.

Effects of Simulated Gravel on Hydraulic Characteristics of Overland Flow Under Varying Flow Discharges, Slope Gradients and Gravel Coverage Degrees