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Larval  Drosophila  encounter and feed on a diverse microbial community within fruit. In particular, free-living yeast microbes provide a source of dietary protein critical for development. However, successional changes to the fruit microbial community may alter host quality through impacts on relative protein content or yeast community composition. For many species of  Drosophila , fitness benefits from yeast feeding vary between individual yeast species, indicating differences in yeast nutritional quality. To better understand these associations, we evaluated how five species of yeast impacted feeding preference and development in larval  Drosophila suzukii . Larvae exhibited a strong attraction to the yeast  Hanseniaspora uvarum  in pairwise yeast feeding assays. However, larvae also performed most poorly on diets containing  H. uvarum , a mismatch in preference and performance that suggests differences in yeast nutritional quality are not the primary factor driving larval feeding behavior. Together, these results demonstrate that yeast plays a critical role in  D. suzukii ’s ecology and that larvae may have developed specific yeast associations. Further inquiry, including systematic comparisons of  Drosophila  larval yeast associations more broadly, will be necessary to understand patterns of microbial resource use in larvae of  D. suzukii  and other frugivorous species.

Differential Impacts of Yeasts on Feeding Behavior and Development in Larval Drosophila suzukii (Diptera:Drosophilidae)