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There is no information on cytokine profiles for use as markers of protection in  Campylobacter jejuni  infection. To study this, we used outer membrane protein (MOMP [PorA]) as the vaccine for protection and spleen cell cytokines as markers of protection. We cloned and expressed  porA  from  C .  jejuni 111 and immunized mice by the intraperitoneal route. Subsequently, mice were orally challenged with live  C .  jejuni  111. The vaccine induced protection as evidenced by reduced fecal excretion of  C .  jejuni 111. Cytokines were measured  in vitro  after stimulation of spleen cells with MOMP. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-17A and IL-17F were similar in control and test mice. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-2 and IFN-γ were higher in control mice than in test mice, and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-8 and IL-1β were higher in test mice than in control mice. Among the two anti-inflammatory cytokines, the levels were similar for IL-10 but higher for IL-4 in test mice than in control mice. Ratios of pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokines showed a bias towards an anti-inflammatory response in favor of antibody production reflecting the role of antibodies in immunity. Cytokine production patterns by spleen cells may be used as markers of protection in the mouse model.

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In vitro spleen cell cytokine responses of adult mice immunized with a recombinant PorA (major outer membrane protein [MOMP]) from Campylobacter jejuni