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Staphylococcus hominis  is part of the normal human microbiome. Two subspecies,  S. hominis hominis  ( Shh ) and S . hominis novobiosepticus  ( Shn ), have clinical significance. Forty-nine  S. hominis  isolates were analyzed by the MicroScan automated system, SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF methods, followed by partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene. The trehalose fermentation test, disk diffusion and broth microdilution tests were used to identify (novobiocin test) and access the susceptibility to oxacillin and vancomycin of isolates. The SCC mec  elements and genomic diversity were evaluated by PCR and PFGE methods, respectively. Profiles of 28 (57%; 8  Shh  and 20  Shn ) isolates corroborated with the results found in all the applied methods of identification. The remaining 21 (43%) isolates were phenotypically identified as  Shh  by MicroScan; however, they were identified as  Shn  by SDS-PAGE and mass spectral, and confirmed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Among 41 isolates identified as  Shn  by the molecular and mass spectrometry methods, 19 (41%) were novobiocin-sensitive, and the trehalose test indicated 11 positive isolates, which are considered atypical phenotypic results for this subspecies. In addition, 92.7% of the isolates identified as  Shn  by these methods carried  mec A gene, while only 12.5% of the  Shh  isolates were positive. Together, the results highlighted the SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF MS methods as promising tools for discriminating  S. hominis  subspecies.

Staphylococcus hominis subspecies can be identified by SDS-PAGE or MALDI-TOF MS profiles