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A total of 24  Colletotrichum  isolates were isolated from diseased Japanese plum ( Prunus salicina ) fruits showing chlorotic regions with whitish-brown sunken necrotic lesions and phylogenetic relationships among the collected  Colletotrichum  isolates were determined. A subset of 11 isolates was chosen for further taxonomic study based on morphology and molecular characteristics identified using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and beta-tubulin (TUB2) genes. Isolates in the  C .  acutatum  complex were analyzed using partial sequencing of five gene regions (ITS, GAPDH, ACT, TUB2, and CHS), and  C .  gloeosporioides  sensu lato (s.l.) isolates were analyzed using seven gene regions (ITS, TUB2, GAPDH, ACT, CAL, CHS-1, and ApMat). Morphological assessments in combination with phylogenetic analysis delineated four species of  Colletotrichum  including  C .  gloeosporioides  sensu stricto (s.s.),  C .  nymphaeae ,  C .  foriniae , and  C .  siamense ; these data identify  Colletotrichum fioriniae  and  C. siamense  two new species associated with plum anthracnose in South Korea. Finally, the pathogenicity of these four species in the development of plum anthracnose in South Korea was confirmed by inoculations of plum fruit.

Colletotrichum Species Associated with Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina) Anthracnose in South Korea