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The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton is essential for plant immune signalling. Consequently, it is generally assumed that actin disruption reduces plant resistance to pathogen attack. Here, we demonstrate that actin depolymerization induced a dramatic increase in salicylic acid (SA) levels in  Arabidopsis thaliana . Transcriptomic analysis showed that the SA pathway was activated due to the action of isochorismate synthase (ICS). The effect was also confirmed in  Brassica napus . This raises the question of whether actin depolymerization could, under particular conditions, lead to increased resistance to pathogens. Thus, we explored the effect of pretreatment with actin-depolymerizing drugs on the resistance of  Arabidopsis thaliana  to the bacterial pathogen  Pseudomonas syringae , and on the resistance of an important crop  Brassica napus  to its natural fungal pathogen  Leptosphaeria maculans . In both pathosystems, actin depolymerization activated the SA pathway, leading to increased plant resistance. To our best knowledge, we herein provide the first direct evidence that disruption of the actin cytoskeleton can actually lead to increased plant resistance to pathogens, and that SA is crucial to this process.

Actin depolymerization is able to increase plant resistance against pathogens via activation of salicylic acid signalling pathway