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Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally. In India, the incidence of breast cancer has increased significantly during the last two decades with a higher proportion of the disease at a young age compared to the west. To understand the molecular processes underlying breast cancer in Indian women, we analysed gene expression profiles of 29 tumours and 9 controls using microarray. In the present study, we obtained 2413 differentially expressed genes, consisting of overexpressed genes such as  COL10A1 ,  COL11A1 ,  MMP1 ,  MMP13 ,  MMP11 ,  GJB2 , and  CST1  and underexpressed genes such as  PLIN1 ,  FABP4 ,  LIPE ,  AQP7 ,  LEP ,  ADH1A ,  ADH1B , and  CIDEC . The deregulated pathways include cell cycle, focal adhesion and metastasis, DNA replication, PPAR signaling, and lipid metabolism. Using PAM50 classifier, we demonstrated the existence of molecular subtypes in Indian women. In addition, qPCR validation of expression of metalloproteinase genes,  MMP1 ,  MMP3 ,  MMP11 ,  MMP13 ,  MMP14 ,  ADAMTS1 , and  ADAMTS5  showed concordance with that of the microarray data; wherein we found a significant association of  ADAMTS5  down-regulation with older age (≥55 years) of patients. Together, this study reports gene expression profiles of breast tumours from the Indian subcontinent, throwing light on the pathways and genes associated with the breast tumourigenesis in Indian women.

Study of Gene Expression Profiles of Breast Cancers in Indian Women