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In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the origin, transmission and communication of silk. However, this is still an unsolved mystery in archaeology. The identification of silk-producing species, especially silk produced by  Bombyx mori  ( B. mori ) and  Antheraea pernyi  ( A. pernyi ), is of key significance to address this challenge. In this study, two innovative methods, i.e. immunology and proteomics, were proposed and successfully established for the species identification of silks. ELISAs result demonstrated that the two prepared antibodies exhibited high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing  B. mori  and  A. pernyi  silk. No cross-reactivity with each other was observed. Moreover, biomarkers were obtained for  Bombyx  and  Antheraea  through proteomic analysis. It was also confirmed that the biomarkers were suitable for identifying the species that produced a given silk sample. Compared with conventional methods for distinguishing silk species, immunological and proteomics techniques used in tandem can provide intact information and have the potential to provide accurate and reliable information for species identification.

Species identification of Bombyx mori and Antheraea pernyi silk via immunology and proteomics