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The genetic factors determining the phenotypic variation of porcine fatness phenotypes are still largely unknown. We investigated whether the polymorphism of eight genes ( MIGA2 ,  CRY2 ,  NPAS2 ,  CIART ,  ARNTL2 ,  PER1 ,  PER2  and  PCK1 ), which display differential expression in the skeletal muscle of fasted and fed sows, is associated with the variation of lipid and mRNA expression phenotypes in Duroc pigs. The performance of an association analysis with the GEMMA software demonstrated that the rs330779504 SNP in the  MIGA2  gene is associated with LDL concentration at 190 days (LDL 2 , corrected  P -value = 0.057). Moreover, the rs320439526 SNP of the  CRY2  gene displayed a significant association with stearic acid content in the  longissimus dorsi  muscle (LD C18:0, corrected  P -value = 0.015). Both SNPs were also associated with the mRNA levels of the corresponding genes in the  gluteus medius  skeletal muscle. From a biological perspective these results are meaningful because  MIGA2  protein plays an essential role in mitochondrial fusion, a process tightly connected with the energy status of the cell, while  CRY2  is a fundamental component of the circadian clock. However, inclusion of these two SNPs in chromosome-wide association analyses demonstrated that they are not located at the peaks of significance for the two traits under study (LDL 2  for rs330779504 and LD C18:0 for rs320439526), thus implying that these two SNPs do not have causal effects.

Polymorphisms of the cryptochrome 2 and mitoguardin 2 genes are associated with the variation of lipid-related traits in Duroc pigs