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We investigated the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of Hc-cath, a cathelicidin peptide derived from the venom of the sea snake,  Hydrophis cyanocyntus , using  in vivo  models of inflammation and infection. Hc-cath function was evaluated in  in vitro ,  in vivo  in the wax moth,  Galleria mellonella , and in mouse models of intraperitoneal and respiratory  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  infection. Hc-Cath downregulated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages and significantly improved the survival of  P. aeruginosa  infected  G. mellonella  over a 5-day period. We also demonstrated, for the first time, that Hc-cath can modulate inflammation in a mouse model of LPS-induced lung inflammation by significantly reducing the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine and neutrophil chemoattractant, KC, resulting in reduced cellular infiltration into the lungs. Moreover, Hc-cath treatment significantly reduced the bacterial load and inflammation in mouse models of  P. aeruginosa  intraperitoneal and respiratory infection. The effect of Hc-cath in our studies highlights the potential to develop this peptide as a candidate for therapeutic development.

Sea snake cathelicidin (Hc-cath) exerts a protective effect in mouse models of lung inflammation and infection