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The mechanisms underlying zebrafish pancreatic islet vascularization have not been well characterized. We sought to determine the angiogenic factors responsible for islet vascularization and assess whether an absence of endothelial cells affects beta-cell and alpha-cell formation. We used a double transgenic zebrafish  Tg(fli1:EGFP; insa:tagRFP ) to label endothelial cells and beta-cells, respectively. Beta-cells developed adjacent to endothelial cells and by 72 hours post fertilization (hpf) the zebrafish pancreatic islet was highly vascularized. Zebrafish beta-cells express vascular endothelial growth factors  (vegf) ,  vegfaa  and  vegfab . Double knockdown of  vegfaa  and  vegfab  or the primary Vegfa receptors (Vegfr2),  kdr  and  kdrl , resulted in vessel deficient islets. While beta-cell and alpha-cell numbers remained unchanged in vessel deficient islets,  insulina  expression was downregulated relative to controls. Vegfaa/Vegfab-Vegfr2 signaling is necessary for proper islet vessel development, but not for the initial formation of beta-cells and alpha-cells.

Vegfa/vegfr2 signaling is necessary for zebrafish islet vessel development, but is dispensable for beta-cell and alpha-cell formation