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Understanding how environmental forcings (e.g., tectonics, climate) are transformed by erosional landscapes into sedimentary signals is a critical component of inverting the stratigraphic record. Previous research has largely focused on sediment supply ( Q   s  ) and grain size as the de facto sedimentary signals of changing forcing mechanisms. We use a numerical model to consider the paired response of sediment provenance ( P   v  ), expressed as fractional sediment load, and  Q   s   to demonstrate that the same change in environmental forcing may have a different expression in the sedimentary record. While  Q   s   reflects integrated denudation across an erosional catchment,  P   v   is controlled by spatially variable erosion that occurs in transient landscapes.  P   v   from proximal sediment sources increases during upstream knickpoint migration, whereas  P   v   from distal sediment sources increases when bedrock channels incise to produce lower gradient profiles. Differences between the  Q   s   and  P   v   signals relate to distinct geomorphic processes that operate on different time scales and allow for a refined differentiation of the timing and mechanism of forcings than possible via analysis of either signal alone. Future efforts to integrate multiple sedimentary signals may thus yield a richer picture of underlying forcing mechanisms, facilitating efforts to invert the stratigraphic record.

Conversion of tectonic and climatic forcings into records of sediment supply and provenance