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A possible involvement of the gene  IL1RAP  (interleukin-1 receptor-associated protein) in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been suggested in GWASs of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau levels and longitudinal change in brain amyloid burden. The aim of this study was to examine previously implicated genetic markers in and near  IL1RAP  in relation to AD risk, CSF tau and Aβ biomarkers, as well as cognitive decline, in a case (AD)-control study and an age homogenous population-based cohort. Genotyping of  IL1RAP -related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), selected based on previous GWAS results, was performed. 3446 individuals (1154 AD cases and 2292 controls) were included in the analyses of AD risk, 1400 individuals (cognitively normal = 747, AD = 653) in the CSF biomarker analyses, and 861 individuals in the analyses of cognitive decline. We found no relation between  IL1RAP -related SNPs and AD risk. However, CSF total-tau and phospho-tau were associated with the SNP rs9877502 (p = 6 × 10 −3  and p = 5 × 10 −4 ). Further, nominal associations (p = 0.03–0.05) were found between three other SNPs and CSF biomarker levels, or levels of cognitive performance and decline in a sub-sample from the general population. These results support previous studies suggesting an association of  IL1RAP  with disease intensity of AD.

Association of IL1RAP-related genetic variation with cerebrospinal fluid concentration of Alzheimer-associated tau protein