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ABC transporters are conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, with humans expressing 48 transporters divided into 7 classes (ABCA, ABCB, ABCC, ABCD, ABDE, ABCF, and ABCG). Throughout the human body, ABC transporters regulate cAMP levels, chloride secretion, lipid transport, and anti-oxidant responses. We used a bioinformatic approach complemented with  in vitro  experimental methods for validation of the 48 known human ABC transporters in airway epithelial cells using bronchial epithelial cell gene expression datasets available in NCBI GEO from well-characterized patient populations of healthy subjects and individuals that smoke cigarettes, or have been diagnosed with COPD or asthma, with validation performed in Calu-3 airway epithelial cells. Gene expression data demonstrate that ABC transporters are variably expressed in epithelial cells from different airway generations, regulated by cigarette smoke exposure ( ABCA13 ,  ABCB6 ,  ABCC1 , and  ABCC3 ), and differentially expressed in individuals with COPD and asthma ( ABCA13 ,  ABCC1 ,  ABCC2 ,  ABCC9) . An  in vitro  cell culture model of cigarette smoke exposure was able to recapitulate select observed  in situ  changes. Our work highlights select ABC transporter candidates of interest and a relevant  in vitro  model that will enable a deeper understanding of the contribution of ABC transporters in the respiratory mucosa in lung health and disease.

The impact of cigarette smoke exposure, COPD, or asthma status on ABC transporter gene expression in human airway epithelial cells