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This study investigated ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (EMF) diversity in  Vaccinium uliginosum  across its main wild distribution range in China. Fungal communities in hair roots of  V .  uliginosum  were analyzed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Only 22 OTUs were assigned to putative EMF genera.  Rhizoscyphus  and  Meliniomyces  dominated EMF communities, followed by  Clavaria ,  Oidiodendron ,  Lachnum ,  Acephala , and  Phialocephala . There were more dark septate endophytes (DSE) reads from the Greater Khingan Mountains than from other study areas, similar to the results of the percent colonization of DSE by the magnified intersections method. Overall, high-throughput sequencing data provided a rough community-scale sketch of root-associated fungi of  V .  uliginosum . Two hundred and eighty slow-growing isolates were isolated from root pieces of  V .  uliginosum , and the isolates matched 16 fungal genera on the basis of morphological and internal transcribed spacer sequence comparison. The isolates of  Cryptosporiopsis ericae ,  Oidiodendron maius ,  Lachnum  sp., Sordariomycetes sp., and  Pleosporales  sp., formed ericoid hyphal coils via resynthesis trails. The co-existence between EMF and DSE in hair roots was observed via trypan blue staining. A putative model for the co-existence between EMF and DSE in the hair roots of  V .  uliginosum  was proposed. We suggest that under certain environmental stresses, such as low temperature and poor available nutrients, ericoid plants may favor co-colonization by both DSE and EMF.

Diversity and characteristics of colonization of root-associated fungi of Vaccinium uliginosum