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Members of the  Yippee - like  ( YPEL ) gene family are highly conserved in eukaryotes and are homologous to the  Drosophila yippee  gene. In this study, we functionally characterized two  YPEL -homologous genes,  MoYPEL1  and  MoYPEL2 , in the rice blast pathogen  Magnaporthe oryzae  using the deletion mutants  ΔMoypel1 ,  ΔMoypel2 , and  ΔΔMoypel1 , 2 . The  MoYPEL1  deletion mutant was significantly defective in conidiation and unable to undergo appressorium development; however, deletion of  MoYPEL2  resulted in a significant increase in conidiation and the abnormal development of two appressoria per conidium. These data demonstrate the opposite roles of each member of the  YPEL  gene family during the development of  M .  oryzae . The double mutant was phenotypically similar to the  ΔMoypel1  mutant in conidiation, but similar to the  ΔMoypel2  mutant in appressorium development. Subcellular localization of the MoYPEL1 protein was dynamic during appressorium development, while the MoYPEL2 protein consistently localized within the nuclei during developmental stages. Our studies indicate that the two  YPEL  gene family members play distinct roles in the developmental stages of  M .  oryzae , furthering our understanding of disease dissemination and development in fungi.

Distinct roles of the YPEL gene family in development and pathogenicity in the ascomycete fungus Magnaporthe oryzae