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Microbiome composition has been associated to several inflammatory diseases, including asthma. There are few studies exploring the relationships of gut microbiota with airway obstruction pheonotypes in adult asthma, especially those living in the tropics. We sought to evaluate the relationships of gut microbiota with the airway obstruction and other variables of interest in asthmatic patients living in the tropics according to three phenotypes: No Airway Obstruction (NAO), Reversible Airway Obstruction (RAO) or Fixed Airway Obstruction (FAO). We found that  Streptococcaceae:Streptococcus  and  Enterobacteriaceae:Escherichia-Shigella  consistently discriminated asthmatic individuals suffering FAO from NAO or RAO, plus  Veillonellaceae:Megasphaera  when comparing FAO and RAO (p < 0.05; FDR < 0.05). In the FAO, the network showing the genus relations was less complex and interconnected. Several  Rumminococcaceae ,  Lachnospiraceae  and  Clostridiales  were enriched in patients with low specific IgE levels to mites and Ascaris. All patients shared a common exposure framework; control medication usage and smoking habit were uncommon and equally distributed between them. In conclusion, in this tropical asthmatic population, components of human gut microbiota are associated with the presence of a FAO phenotype and lower specific IgE response to mites and Ascaris.

Gut microbiota components are associated with fixed airway obstruction in asthmatic patients living in the tropics