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Recent studies have shown potential for using polarisation sensitive opticalcoherence tomography (PS-OCT) to study cartilage morphology, and to bepotentially used as an in-vivo, non-invasive tool for detecting osteoarthriticchanges. However, there has been relatively limited ability of this method toquantify the subtle changes that occur in the early stages of cartilagedegeneration. An established mechanical indenting technique that has previouslybeen used to examine the microstructural response of articular cartilage wasemployed to fix the bovine samples in an indented state. The samples weresubject to creep loading with a constant compressive stress of 4.5 MPa and,when imaged using PS-OCT, enabled birefringent banding patterns to be observed.The magnitude of the birefringence was quantified using the birefringencecoefficient (BRC) and statistical analysis revealed that PS-OCT is able todetect and quantify significant changes between healthy and earlyosteoarthritic cartilage (p<0.001). This presents a novel utilization of PS-OCTfor future development as an in-vivo assessment tool.

scientific reports

Quantifying birefringence in the bovine model of early osteoarthritis  using polarisation-sensitive optical coherence tomography and mechanical  indentation