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Complete genome sequence of  Gluconacetobacter xylinus  CGMCC 2955 for fine control of bacterial cellulose (BC) synthesis is presented here. The genome, at 3,563,314 bp, was found to contain 3,193 predicted genes without gaps. There are four BC synthase operons ( bcs ), among which only  bcs I is structurally complete, comprising  bcs A,  bcs B,  bcs C, and  bcs D. Genes encoding key enzymes in glycolytic, pentose phosphate, and BC biosynthetic pathways and in the tricarboxylic acid cycle were identified.  G. xylinus  CGMCC 2955 has a complete glycolytic pathway because sequence data analysis revealed that this strain possesses a phosphofructokinase (pfk)-encoding gene, which is absent in most BC-producing strains. Furthermore, combined with our previous results, the data on metabolism of various carbon sources (monosaccharide, ethanol, and acetate) and their regulatory mechanism of action on BC production were explained. Regulation of BC synthase (Bcs) is another effective method for precise control of BC biosynthesis, and cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) is the key activator of BcsA–BcsB subunit of Bcs. The quorum sensing (QS) system was found to positively regulate phosphodiesterase, which decomposed c-di-GMP. Thus, in this study, we demonstrated the presence of QS in  G. xylinus  CGMCC 2955 and proposed a possible regulatory mechanism of QS action on BC production.

Complete genome analysis of Gluconacetobacter xylinus CGMCC 2955 for elucidating bacterial cellulose biosynthesis and metabolic regulation