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An endophytic bacterium,  Serratia marcescens  MSRBB2, isolated from inner bark of a Cameroonian  Maytenus serrata  plant, was subjected to the OSMAC ( O ne  S train  Ma ny  C ompounds) approach and metabolic profiling using HPLC-HRMS n . We identified 7 prodiginines along with 26 serratamolides. Their biosynthetic pathways were elucidated by feeding with labeled precursors in combination with HRMS n . Dual-culture confrontation/restriction assays of the bacterial endophyte were devised with coexisting fungal endophytes ( Pestalotiopsis virgatula ,  Aspergillus caesiellus  and  Pichia  spp.) as well as with unrelated, non-endophytic fungi belonging to the same genera. The assays were combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging high-resolution mass spectrometry (MALDI-imaging-HRMS) for visualizing, both in high spatial and temporal resolution, the distribution and interplay of the compounds during microbial interactions. We demonstrated the effect of prodigiosin produced by endophytic  S .  marcescens  MSRBB2 as an allelochemical that specifically inhibits coexisting endophytic fungi. Our results provide new insights into the physiological and ecological relevance of prodiginines and serratamolides within the context of allelopathy and chemical defense interaction occurring between coexisting endophytes harbored in  M .  serrata .

Spatial-temporal profiling of prodiginines and serratamolides produced by endophytic Serratia marcescens harbored in Maytenus serrata