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Beta oscillations observed in motor cortical local field potentials (LFPs)recorded on separate electrodes of a multi-electrode array have been shown toexhibit non-zero phase shifts that organize into a planar wave propagation.Here, we generalize this concept by introducing additional classes of patternsthat fully describe the spatial organization of beta oscillations. During adelayed reach-to-grasp task in monkey primary motor and dorsal premotorcortices we distinguish planar, synchronized, random, circular, and radialphase patterns. We observe that specific patterns correlate with the betaamplitude (envelope). In particular, wave propagation accelerates with growingamplitude, and culminates at maximum amplitude in a synchronized pattern.Furthermore, the occurrence probability of a particular pattern is modulatedwith behavioral epochs: Planar waves and synchronized patterns are more presentduring movement preparation where beta amplitudes are large, whereas randomphase patterns are dominant during movement execution where beta amplitudes aresmall.

LFP beta amplitude is predictive of mesoscopic spatio-temporal phase patterns