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By assisting in the proteolysis, disaggregation and refolding of the aggregated proteins, Caseinolytic proteases (Clps) enhance the cellular survival under stress conditions. In the current study, comparative roles of two such Clps, ClpA (involved in proteolysis) and ClpB (involved in protein disaggregation and refolding) in the survival of  Salmonella  Typhimurium ( S . Typhimurium) under different stresses and in virulence have been investigated.  clpA  and  clpB  gene deletion mutant strains (∆ clpA  and ∆ clpB ) of  S . Typhimurium have been hypersensitive to 42 °C, HOCl and paraquat. However, the ∆ clpB  strain was comparatively much more susceptible ( p  < 0.001) to the above stresses than ∆ clpA  strain. ∆ clpB  strain also showed reduced survival ( p  < 0.001) in poultry macrophages. The hypersusceptibilities of ∆ clpB  strain to oxidants and macrophages were restored in plasmid based complemented (∆ clpB  +  pclpB ) strain. Further, the ∆ clpB  strain was defective for colonization in the poultry caecum and showed decreased dissemination to the spleen and liver. Our findings suggest that the role of ClpB is more important than the role of ClpA for the survival of  S . Typhimurium under stress and colonization in chickens.

Comparative roles of clpA and clpB in the survival of S. Typhimurium under stress and virulence in poultry