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Comparative genomics analysis of conserved gene cassettes demonstrated resemblance between a recently described cassette of genes involved in sulphoquinovose degradation in  Escherichia coli  K-12 MG1655 and a  Bacilli  cassette linked with lactose degradation. Six genes from both cassettes had similar functions related to carbohydrate metabolism, namely, hydrolase, aldolase, kinase, isomerase, transporter, and transcription factor. The  Escherichia coli  sulphoglycolysis cassette was thus predicted to be associated with lactose degradation. This prediction was confirmed experimentally: expression of genes coding for aldolase ( yihT ), isomerase ( yihS ), and kinase ( yihV ) was dramatically increased during growth on lactose. These genes were previously shown to be activated during growth on sulphoquinovose, so our observation may indicate multi-functional capabilities of the respective proteins. Transcription starts for  yihT ,  yihV  and  yihW  were mapped  in silico, in vitro  and  in vivo . Out of three promoters for  yihT , one was active only during growth on lactose. We further showed that switches in  yihT  transcription are controlled by YihW, a DeoR-family transcription factor in the  Escherichia coli  cassette. YihW acted as a carbon source-dependent dual regulator involved in sustaining the baseline growth in the absence of  lac- operon, with function either complementary, or opposite to a global regulator of carbohydrate metabolism, cAMP-CRP.

The genes of the sulphoquinovose catabolism in Escherichia coli are also associated with a previously unknown pathway of lactose degradation