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Alfin-like  ( AL ) is a small plant-specific gene family with prominent roles in root growth and abiotic stress response. Here, we aimed to identify novel stress tolerance  AL  genes from the stress-tolerant species  Atriplex hortensis . Totally, we isolated four  AhAL  genes, all encoding nuclear-localized proteins with cis-element-binding and transrepression activities. Constitutive expression of  AhAL1  in Arabidopsis facilitated plants to survive under saline condition, while expressing anyone of the other three  AhAL  genes led to salt-hypersensitive response, indicating functional divergence of  AhAL  family.  AhAL1  also conferred enhanced drought tolerance, as judged from enhanced survival, improved growth, decreased malonaldehyde (MDA) content and reduced water loss in  AhAL1 -expressing plants compared to WT. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated stomatal closure and inhibition of seed germination and primary root elongation were enhanced in  AhAL1 -transgenic plants. Further analysis demonstrated that AhAL1 could bind to promoter regions of  GRF7 ,  DREB1C  and several group-A  PP2C  genes and repress their expression. Correspondingly, the expression levels of positive stress regulator genes  DREB1A ,  DREB2A  and three  ABFs  were all increased in  AhAL1 -expressing plants. Based on these results,  AhAL1  was identified as a novel candidate gene for improving abiotic stress tolerance of crop plants.

An Alfin-like gene from Atriplex hortensis enhances salt and drought tolerance and abscisic acid response in transgenic Arabidopsis