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Complement is an essential element in both innate and acquired immunity contributing to the immunopathogenesis of many disorders, including Chagas Disease (CD). Human complement receptor 1 (CR1) plays a role in the clearance of complement opsonized molecules and may facilitate the entry of pathogens into host cells. Distinct  CR1  exon 29 variants have been found associated with CR1 expression levels, increased susceptibility and pathophysiology of several diseases. In this study, CR1 plasma levels were assessed by ELISA and  CR1  variants in exon 29 by sequencing in a Brazilian cohort of 232 chronic CD patients and 104 healthy controls. CR1 levels were significantly decreased in CD patients compared to controls (p < 0.0001). The  CR1  rs1704660 G , rs17047661 G  and rs6691117 G  variants were significantly associated with CD and in high linkage disequilibrium. The  CR1 * AGAGTG  haplotype was associated with  T. cruzi  infection (p = 0.035, OR 3.99, CI 1.1-14.15) whereas  CR1 * AGGGTG  was related to the risk of chagasic cardiomyopathy (p = 0.028, OR 12.15, CI 1.13-113). This is the first study that provides insights on the role of CR1 in development and clinical presentation of chronic CD.

Human complement receptor type 1 (CR1) protein levels and genetic variants in chronic Chagas Disease