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Recently, we introduced a temperature sensitive  Mycobacterium  spp ., Mycobacterium paragordonae  (Mpg). Here, we checked its potential as a candidate for live vaccination against  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  and  Mycobacterium abscessus . Intravenous infections of mice with Mpg led to lower colony forming units (CFUs) compared to infection with BCG, suggesting its usefulness as a live vaccine. The analyses of immune responses indicated that the highly protective immunity elicited by Mpg was dependent on effective dendritic maturation, shift of cytokine patterns and antibody production toward a Th1 phenotype, and enhanced cytotoxic T cell response. Compared to BCG, Mpg showed a more effective protective immune response in the vaccinated mice against challenges with 2 different mycobacterial strains,  M. tuberculosis  H37Ra or  M. abscessus  Asan 50594. Our data suggest that a temperature sensitive Mpg may be a potentially powerful candidate vaccine strain to induce enhanced protective immune responses against  M. tuberculosis  and  M. abscessus .

A temperature sensitive Mycobacterium paragordonae induces enhanced protective immune responses against mycobacterial infections in the mouse model