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Giant magnetocaloric materials are highly promising for technological applications in magnetic refrigeration. Although giant magnetocaloric effects were discovered in first-order magnetic transition materials, it is accompanied by some non-desirable drawbacks, such as important hysteretic phenomena, irreversibility of the effect, or poor mechanical stability, which limits their use in applications. Here, we report the discovery of a giant magnetocaloric effect in commercialized Ho 2 O 3  oxide at low temperature (around 2 K) without hysteresis losses. Ho 2 O 3  is found to exhibit a second-order antiferromagnetic transition with a Néel temperature of 2 K. At an applied magnetic field change of 5 T and below 3.5 K, the maximum value of magnetic entropy change    \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} 				\usepackage{amsmath} 				\usepackage{wasysym}  				\usepackage{amsfonts}  				\usepackage{amssymb}  				\usepackage{amsbsy} 				\usepackage{mathrsfs} 				\usepackage{upgreek} 				\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} 				\begin{document}$$(-\Delta {{\rm{S}}}_{M}^{max})$$\end{document}    (   -  Δ    S    M    max), the refrigerant capacity (RC) were found to be 31.9 J.K −1 .kg −1  and 180 J.K −1 , respectively.

Large reversible magnetocaloric effect in antiferromagnetic Ho2O3 powders