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The  Catsper1  gene, whose expression is restricted to male germ cells, has great importance in reproductive biology because of its function in sperm motility and fertilization. We previously reported that the promoter of this gene has transcriptional activity in either direction in a heterologous system. In the present study, we found that the  Catsper1  promoter has  in vitro  transcriptional activity in either orientation in GC-1 spg mouse spermatogonial cells. The results also showed that this promoter regulates the expression of a new divergent  Catsper1  gene named  Catsper1au  ( Catsper1  antisense upstream transcript).  Catsper1au  is expressed in adult male mouse testis and liver tissues but not in female mouse liver or ovary tissues. In the testis,  Catsper1au  is expressed in embryos at 11.5 days post-coitum and from newborns to adults. This gene is also expressed in 1- to 3-week postnatal hearts and in 1-week to adult stage livers. The analysis of the 1402 bp whole genome sequence revealed that  Catsper1au  is an intronless and polyadenylated lncRNA, located in the nuclei of Sertoli and spermatogenic cells from adult testis. These data indicate that  Catsper1au  is divergently expressed from the  Catsper1  promoter and could regulate gene expression during spermatogenesis.

Catsper1 promoter is bidirectional and regulates the expression of a novel lncRNA